| The use of probiotics and prebiotics in aquaculture |
| Paper ID : 1067-ICIAQUA |
| Authors |
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Fatemeh . Azizinezhad *1, Hamed Paknejad2, Kimia . Alaei1 1PhD Student in Aquatic Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 2Gorgan |
| Abstract |
| The digestive system of fish has a complex ecosystem and contains a large number of living microorganisms. The intestine is responsible for digestion and absorption. The intestinal microbial flora of fish and other aquatic animals depends on the external environment due to the passage of water through the digestive system. Beneficial microbes in the gut are defense factors against harmful and pathogenic bacteria. Probiotics are living microorganisms, and if administered in sufficient quantities, they will have beneficial effects on the health of the digestive system. Prebiotics are non-digestible and fermentable carbohydrates that are primarily used to feed probiotics. Prebiotics are resistant to the digestive enzymes of living organisms and help the proliferation of intestinal microflora. Prebiotics are selectively used by host intestinal microorganisms as a substrate. Nowadays, the use of probiotics and prebiotics as food supplements are considered necessary to meet nutritional needs in aquaculture. The most important probiotics that can be used in aquaculture include Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus, Carnobacterium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus), Gram-negative (Aeromonas, Alteromonas, Photobacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhizobacter), microalgae (Tetraselmis) and yeasts (Phaffia and saccharomyces). Also, mannan oligosaccharides, raffinose, immunoval and lacto-cellulose prebiotics are vital prebiotics in aquaculture. The main characteristics of prebiotics are resistance, stability against stomach acidity, hydrolysis by enzymes and absorption by the digestive system by intestinal microbial flora. Proper nutrition is effective as a vital indicator in promoting natural growth and health in aquaculture. One of the important goals of aquaculture is the use of probiotics and prebiotics as an important strategy in aquatic production, which can increase growth efficiency through obtaining patterns and anabolic factors. |
| Keywords |
| Probiotic, Prebiotic, Aquaculture, Aquatic nutrition, Digestive system |
| Status: Abstract Accepted (Poster Presentation) |